Aug 2, 1990 – present (Southwest Asia theater)
Gulf War-era veterans (1990-onward in Southwest Asia theater) qualify for "Gulf War Illness" presumptive benefits + a separate set of presumptive infectious diseases.
Operations + qualifying service
- Operation Desert Shield
- Operation Desert Storm
- Southern Watch
- Northern Watch
Era-specific presumptive conditions
- Gulf War Illness — undiagnosed multisymptom illness (chronic fatigue, fibromyalgia, IBS, joint pain)
- 9 infectious diseases: brucellosis, campylobacter, Q fever, malaria, mycobacterium tuberculosis, salmonella, shigella, leishmaniasis, West Nile
- PACT Act burn-pit (Gulf War-era qualifying locations from Aug 1990)
GI Bill / education benefits
Montgomery GI Bill (Chapter 30) for those who opted in; later upgraded to Post-9/11 (Chapter 33) eligibility for those still in service post-9/11.
Key resources
In crisis? Call
988 and press 1 for the Veterans Crisis Line — 24/7 confidential, federally-operated. Available regardless of era, character of service, or VA enrollment status.
Other service eras
